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Marketing & the board
The Marketing & Capital Plan

A marketing strategy for a capital problem.

A staged plan to move the acquisition engine from below break-even to creating capital, built on the Commercial Logic diagnostic and driven by measured performance rather than workshop consensus.

Prepared for
Northwind SystemsIllustrative · Growth-band B2B SaaS
Prepared by
Why Marketingalan@why-marketing.com
Basis
Commercial Logic diagnosticTrailing twelve months

ContentsWhat this plan covers

The findings, the response to each, and what it is expected to return.

  1. 01Executive summaryThe position, the verdict, and the recommendation03
  2. 02FindingsSeven findings, each with what it means and what it costs06
  3. 03The marketing strategyWhere to play, how to win, the role of each channel, and the route to market12
  4. 04The marketing planThe actions that execute the strategy, with owners16
  5. 05TimelineThe year-one operating plan and the staged path to 3:120
  6. 06The budgetThe existing £640,000, redirected. No new investment required23
  7. 07Additional investmentThe £320,000 brand case, held as a separate decision25
  8. 08Implementation and governanceMeasurement, ownership, cadence, and the options for support27
Basis of preparation

Source. This plan builds on the Commercial Logic diagnostic and a structured marketing intake. Figures are reused from the diagnostic or computed from it. The intake adds what the diagnostic did not need: channel spend and the role intended for each channel, the marketing team's time split, each confirmed ICP with its strategic intent and segment economics, the basis on which Northwind wins and loses, the room to move on price, product and route to market, and the current goals and constraints. Where a figure was not held, a stated assumption was accepted and is marked as such.

Method. Customer acquisition cost is stated fully loaded: media and programme spend, marketing technology, and the acquisition share of sales and marketing salary cost. Customer lifetime value is stated net of cost to serve. Ratios below 1:1 indicate that a customer costs more to win than it returns over its life. Where the business sells through a channel, the margin conceded to distributors and resellers is treated as a reduction in gross margin, so it lowers lifetime value, and the channel programme and partner-management cost are treated as acquisition cost, so they raise the cost to win; each route to market is read as a distinct customer population.

Constraints. The plan respects the boundaries Northwind set at intake: the marketing budget is held flat at £640,000 for the coming year, list pricing is fixed within the current financial year, and a presence is retained at the sector's principal enterprise event. Where a recommendation would cross one of these, it is surfaced as a board decision rather than assumed.

This specimen. All figures are illustrative, internally reconciled to demonstrate the method, and represent no actual business. Northwind Systems is a fictional Growth-band company.

Section 01Executive summary

The position, the verdict, and the recommendation.

Northwind acquires customers for roughly twice what they return. The blended ratio of customer lifetime value to fully-loaded acquisition cost is 0.53:1, against a break-even of 1:1 and a healthy target of 3:1. At the current rate of acquisition this consumes approximately £835,000 a year.

That figure is not a marketing overspend. The marketing budget of £640,000 is unremarkable for a business of this size, and the diagnostic found no evidence of waste in the conventional sense. The shortfall arises from where the budget is pointed and from what it is measured against. Both are correctable, and the majority of the correction requires no additional money.

The verdict

The acquisition engine is below break-even in every channel, every segment and on the route through distribution, but not evenly. Three concentrations account for most of the shortfall: the three most expensive channels carry 83% of media spend at the weakest returns, one segment carries 45% of customers at 0.23:1, and the two-tier distribution route returns 0.14:1 against 0.69:1 direct, conceding roughly a third of its margin to the channel with a loaded partner programme on top. Because the loss is concentrated, the response can be concentrated too. Reallocation of the existing budget, rather than reduction of it, is the primary instrument.

A second finding sits underneath the first. At 88% of spend committed to activation and 12% to brand, every deal is opened cold. The diagnostic prices that condition at approximately £320,000 a year in inflated acquisition cost, roughly £8,000 on every customer won. This is the only lever available that lowers acquisition cost permanently rather than for as long as spend continues.

Exhibit 1
Seven findings account for the shortfall; five can be addressed from the existing budget.
FindingQuantified impactRequires
F1 · Loaded acquisition cost is unownedNot measuredOwnership
F2 · No channel returns more than it costs£835,000 / yrReallocation
F3 · Spend concentrates in the weakest channels£210,000 / yr recoverableReallocation
F4 · Half the loss sits in one segment£340,000 / yr recoverableReallocation
F5 · The absence of brand carries a premium£320,000 / yrInvestment
F6 · Measures do not reconcile to capitalPerpetuates F2 to F4Governance
F7 · The two-tier distribution route runs at 0.14:10.14 : 1Reallocation; board

Findings are set out in full in Section 02. Recoverable figures are first-year effects at the current rate of acquisition and are not additive with one another where actions overlap.

The recommendation

Concentrate acquisition on the segments and channels that already return, rebuild the brand position that the numbers show is being paid for in its absence, and re-base marketing's measurement on the capital outcome rather than on lead volume. The plan stages this across three years, because a ratio of this kind does not move in a quarter and treating it as though it should is what produced the position.

Year one targets break-even at 1:1, achieved through reallocation alone and therefore available without a budget decision. Years two and three target 2:1 and then 3:1, and depend on the brand rebuild compounding and on three decisions that sit with the board rather than with marketing.

Exhibit 2
Year one reaches break-even on the existing budget; the healthy ratio takes three.
StageTarget ratioPrincipal instrumentBudget decision
Today0.53 : 1n/an/a
Year 11.0 : 1Reallocation of existing spendNone required
Year 22.0 : 1Brand rebuild; board leversOptional £320,000
Year 33.0 : 1Brand asset compoundsNone further

Targets are goals rather than guarantees. Each stage advances only as the measured ratio confirms the last. Figures illustrative.

What is asked of the board

Three things, in order of consequence. First, agree that fully-loaded acquisition cost is reported to the board quarterly and that a named executive owns it. Second, approve the reallocation set out in Section 06, which moves existing budget between channels and segments and requires no new money. Third, consider separately, and later, the £320,000 brand investment set out in Section 07, once the reallocation has been given time to demonstrate a response.

The three commercial levers that marketing does not control, price, product and route to market, are raised in Section 3.5 as matters for the board rather than as recommendations of this plan. They are noted because the capital position cannot be fully corrected without them, not because marketing proposes to act on them.

Section 02Findings

Seven findings, each with what it means and what it costs.

Each finding below is stated as it was observed, followed by its commercial interpretation and its measured impact. Each closes with the section of the plan that responds to it, so that no finding is raised without an answer and no action is proposed without a cause.

Finding 01

The fully-loaded cost of acquisition is not owned by any function

The finding

Neither finance nor marketing currently produces a figure for what it costs Northwind to win a customer once salary, technology and programme costs are included. Finance reports a marketing budget against plan. Marketing reports leads, pipeline and campaign performance. Both report accurately, and neither reconciles cost to the value a customer returns.

What this means

The efficiency of the acquisition engine is not visible on any existing report. It is possible, and at Northwind it is currently the case, for every dashboard in use to read healthy while the underlying unit economics run below break-even. The condition is not concealed. It is simply not calculated, and no forum exists in which it would surface.

This also explains why the position was reached without alarm. The intake responses, that more leads are needed, that the sales cycle is lengthening, that cost per lead keeps climbing, and that the annual target is harder to hit each year, read individually as ordinary operational friction. Read together against the ratio, they are four symptoms of one cause: each customer now returns less than it costs, so the engine must work progressively harder to stand still.

The impact

Unmeasured, the shortfall compounds. A below-break-even engine makes each year's target heavier than the last, because growth acquired at a loss enlarges the loss. The absence of the measure is therefore not a reporting gap but the mechanism by which the position persists.

Addressed by Section 08, measurement and ownership.
Finding 02

No channel in the mix returns more than it costs

The finding

Overlaying fully-loaded cost on each acquisition channel produces a range from 0.44:1 to 0.73:1. The blended position is 0.53:1. The strongest channel in the mix recovers roughly three quarters of what it spends; the weakest recovers under half.

Exhibit 3
No channel reaches break-even; the spread runs from 0.44 to 0.73.
ChannelMedia spend% budgetCustomersLoaded CACCLV:CAC
Earned / PR£20,0003%5£32,5000.73
Content / SEO£60,0009%10£34,5000.68
ABM / outbound£30,0005%3£38,5000.61
Paid social£140,00022%6£51,8330.46
Paid search£210,00033%9£51,8330.46
Events / field£180,00028%7£54,2140.44
Blended£640,000100%40£44,5000.53

Media and programme spend of £640,000 reconciles to the reported acquisition cost of £16,000 across 40 customers. Loaded cost adds marketing technology and the acquisition share of salary cost, and is overlaid per customer.

What this means

This is not a case of one underperforming channel dragging an otherwise sound mix. Every route to market is below break-even, which rules out the conventional remedy of shifting budget from a weak channel to a strong one and expecting the position to correct. There is no channel in the current mix that would return a profit if it received the entire budget.

It follows that the correction cannot come from channel selection alone. It requires a change in what the channels are asked to acquire, which customers and at what cost to serve, and a change in the underlying cost of demand, which is the brand question raised at Finding 05.

The impact

At the current rate of acquisition the engine consumes approximately £69,600 a month, or £835,000 a year. Every additional customer acquired on the current basis enlarges the shortfall rather than reducing it.

Addressed by Section 04, the plan, and Section 06, the budget.
Finding 03

The weakest channels carry the largest share of spend

The finding

Paid search, events and paid social together account for 83% of media spend and return between 0.44:1 and 0.46:1. Earned media and content, which return 0.68:1 and 0.73:1, together account for 12%. Allocation is inverted relative to return.

What this means

The budget is not misspent in the sense of being wasted. It is misdirected in the sense of being concentrated where the return is lowest. This is the most tractable of the seven findings, because it can be corrected by reallocation within the existing budget and does not require a spending decision, a headcount decision, or board approval.

A caution applies. The efficient channels are efficient partly because they are small. Earned media returning 0.73:1 on £20,000 will not necessarily hold that return on £70,000, and the plan therefore stages the shift and re-tests the ratio at each quarter rather than moving the budget in one step.

The impact

Reallocating spend from the three weakest channels toward the two strongest recovers approximately £210,000 a year at the current rate of acquisition. More generally, every 10% removed from controllable acquisition cost recovers approximately £64,000 a year.

Addressed by Section 4.1 and Section 06, the budget.
Finding 04

Almost half the shortfall concentrates in a single segment

The finding

Segmenting the customer base by size produces a wide dispersion. SMB customers, 18 of 40, return 0.23:1 and account for approximately 49% of the total shortfall. Enterprise customers, 7 of 40, return 0.90:1 and are closest to break-even.

Exhibit 4
SMB accounts for 45% of customers and almost half the capital shortfall.
SegmentCustomersGross marginAvg tenureCLV:CACShare of shortfall
SMB1865%2.2 yr0.23≈ 49%
Mid-market1574%3.5 yr0.60≈ 34%
Enterprise782%5.0 yr0.90≈ 17%

Gross margin, tenure and sales cycle are segment detail supplied at intake, beyond what the diagnostic required. Lifetime value is stated net of cost to serve. SMB sits on the thinnest margin over the shortest life, and on the longest sales cycle relative to the value won, so it is both the cheapest to win and the most expensive to keep.

What this means

SMB acquisition destroys value at the current combination of price, cost to serve and tenure. The segment detail supplied at intake makes the mechanism concrete: SMB returns a 65% gross margin over roughly 2.2 years, against 82% over five years at enterprise, so even though it is the cheapest segment to win, the lifetime value it returns cannot close the gap to the loaded cost of winning it. This is a stronger statement than saying the segment is less profitable, and it warrants care: the finding is not that SMB customers are unwelcome, but that acquiring them through paid channels at current cost cannot be made to pay under the present commercial model.

Two responses are available. Marketing can stop funding acquisition into the segment, which is immediate and within its control. Alternatively the board can change the economics of the segment through price, packaging or route to market, which is slower and outside marketing's authority. The plan takes the first and raises the second.

The impact

Halting paid acquisition into SMB, while retaining the segment for renewal and expansion, recovers approximately £340,000 a year. This is the single largest recoverable amount identified, and it requires no new budget.

Addressed by Section 3.2 and Section 4.1, and raised to the board in Section 3.5.
Finding 05

The absence of brand carries a measurable premium on every deal

The finding

Northwind commits 88% of marketing spend to activation and 12% to brand. Against that position, the diagnostic isolates a premium of approximately £8,000 on every customer won, or £320,000 a year, attributable to the cost of opening every relationship cold.

What this means

The commercial argument here is not that a published benchmark prescribes a higher brand ratio. It is that the absence of brand is already being paid for, on the acquisition line rather than the brand line. Where a buyer arrives with no prior awareness, paid channels work harder to reach them, sales works harder to qualify and convert them, and the cost to win sits higher across the whole book. That premium is quantifiable, and it has been quantified.

The same imbalance shows in where the team's time goes. At intake, roughly 70% of marketing time was committed to acquisition and 10% to brand, close to the 88/12 split of the spend. The effort mirrors the money, and the single activity that lowers acquisition cost permanently is the one the function works least.

This distinction matters for how the investment should be judged. Brand spending is conventionally resisted because its return is difficult to attribute. Here the case does not rest on projected upside. It rests on the removal of a cost already carried. The relevant test is not whether brand can be measured but whether the premium falls when brand is rebuilt, which is measurable directly through the ratio.

The impact

£320,000 a year at current run rate. Unlike the reallocation findings, this one compounds: it is the only identified lever that lowers acquisition cost permanently rather than for as long as spend continues.

Addressed by Section 3.3 and Section 4.2, and costed in Section 07.
Finding 06

Marketing's measures do not reconcile to the capital outcome

The finding

Marketing currently reports qualified lead volume, cost per lead, and campaign-level performance. No report in use contains fully-loaded acquisition cost, lifetime value to acquisition cost, or acquisition payback period.

What this means

The measurement system cannot detect the condition it would need to correct, and it actively rewards the behaviour that worsens it. Where volume is the measure, a difficult quarter produces a request for more leads. More leads acquired at a loss enlarge the loss, and the shortfall is then attributed to insufficient volume, which produces a further request. The loop is self-reinforcing and entirely rational for everyone inside it.

The same logic applies to headcount. Adding sales capacity to work a weak pipeline raises two cost lines against the same customer value, and pushes loaded acquisition cost up rather than down. The measure, not the judgement of the people using it, is what produces the response.

The impact

This finding carries no independent figure. Its cost is that it perpetuates Findings 02 to 04 and would, if uncorrected, erode the gains from the reallocation within a small number of quarters.

Addressed by Section 08, measurement and ownership.
Finding 07

The two-tier distribution route is the least economic route to market

The finding

Cut by how customers are won rather than by size, the book divides into two routes. Direct sales win three in four of the new customers and return 0.69:1. The two-tier distribution route, the remaining quarter, returns 0.14:1, the weakest position in the diagnostic and below even SMB.

Exhibit 5
Acquisition economics by route: the two-tier route concedes a third of its margin and pays a loaded programme to win.
RouteNew custsACVLoaded CACNet CLVCLV:CAC
Direct30£60,000£42,000£29,0000.69
Distribution, two-tier10£30,000£52,000£7,5000.14
Blended40£52,500£44,500£23,6250.53

The channel discount, the distributor and reseller shares stacked to roughly a third of list, is treated as a reduction in gross margin and lowers CLV. The channel programme and the loaded partner-management cost are treated as acquisition cost and raise CAC. Direct and two-tier are distinct customer populations, not the same customer counted twice.

What this means

Two mechanisms drive the position, and they pull on opposite sides of the ratio. The margin conceded to the channel is a permanent reduction in gross margin and lowers lifetime value on every deal the route wins; the programme that supports it, partner marketing, deal-registration incentives and the loaded partner-management team, is acquisition cost and raises the cost to win. A lower contract value on the volume route compounds both. Neither is a failure of execution; both are inherent to selling through a channel on the current terms.

The response is not to abandon the route. Distribution earns its place on reach into buyers a direct team cannot economically cover, and the intake records an intent to hold it. The response is to change the terms on which it runs: the give-away margin is a board lever, and the programme cost is marketing's to reallocate. Both are taken up at Section 3.6.

The impact

At 0.14:1 the route returns close to nothing on what it costs, and it is one of the reasons the blended figure sits at 0.53:1. It is included in the reallocation, and, where the margin give-away is concerned, referred to the board.

Addressed by Section 3.6, route to market, and Section 06, the budget.

Implication. The shortfall is not evenly distributed and therefore does not require an even response. Five of the seven findings are correctable through allocation and measurement, both of which sit within marketing's authority and neither of which requires additional budget, though the distribution route also turns on a board decision about channel margin. One requires investment, and one requires only a decision about ownership. This is the basis on which the strategy in Section 03 and the plan in Section 04 are sequenced.

Section 03The marketing strategy

Who Northwind sells to, on what basis it competes, and the role of each channel.

This is a marketing strategy written to answer a capital problem. It sets out the choices that determine the ratio: which customers marketing pursues, on what basis Northwind is chosen, and what each channel is for. Section 04 sets out the plan that executes it. Both are owned by the Chief Marketing Officer, who becomes steward of the ratio thereafter.

Marketing's mandate

The findings in Section 02 are commercial findings rather than a judgement on marketing's performance. The budget is unremarkable for a business of this size, the diagnostic found no waste in the conventional sense, and the channels are being run competently. What it found is that marketing has been operating without sight of the one number that determines whether its work creates or consumes capital, and has been measured instead on volume, which is the wrong instrument for the job it was given.

Read correctly, taking ownership of the ratio enlarges marketing's authority rather than constraining it. Three consequences follow, and they are the reason this plan is written for the CMO to lead rather than to receive.

Ownership

The CLV:CAC ratio is marketing's number to own. Finance reconciles it and the board reads it, but it is the instrument through which marketing leads the new-business conversation rather than responding to it. Everything that follows is written on that basis.

3.1 The objective

Move the acquisition engine to break-even within year one and toward 3:1 across three, using the levers marketing controls, with no additional budget required in year one. The strategy that follows makes three choices in service of that objective: where to play, how to win, and what each channel is for.

3.2 Where to play

The segment dispersion at Finding 04 is wide enough to be a strategic choice rather than an operational adjustment. SMB returns 0.23:1 and consumes almost half the shortfall. Mid-market and enterprise return 0.60:1 and 0.90:1 and are between two and four times more efficient for every pound of acquisition spend.

The strategy concentrates acquisition on mid-market and enterprise, and retains SMB as a served base rather than an acquisition target. This is a targeting decision of an entirely ordinary kind, and it is worth naming as such. Marketing is not withdrawing from a segment; it is declining to buy customers through paid channels at a price the current commercial model cannot support. Existing SMB customers continue to be served, renewed and expanded, and remain welcome through channels that cost nothing to acquire through, such as inbound, referral and partner.

This is also where the plan is most explicit about the intent recorded at intake. Northwind tagged all three segments to grow. For enterprise and mid-market that intent and the economics agree. For SMB they do not, and an intent to actively acquire a segment returning 0.23:1 is, in capital terms, an intent to buy the shortfall faster. Naming that divergence is the point of this section; resolving it in favour of the economics is the first strategic choice the plan makes.

Exhibit 6
Acquisition concentrates on the two segments that return; SMB is retained rather than pursued.
SegmentStated intentReturnCorrected roleAcquisition
EnterpriseGrow0.90Grow. Highest value per customer, closest to break-evenIncrease
Mid-marketGrow0.60Grow. The volume engine of the recoveryIncrease
SMBGrow0.23Retain. Serve, renew and expand the baseNo paid acquisition

Stated intent is the growth intent recorded for each segment at intake. All three were tagged Grow; the economics support that for two, and for SMB intent and return diverge, which is the tension this section resolves. Segment roles are reviewed annually, and should the board change SMB economics through price, packaging or route to market, the segment returns to the acquisition strategy on those revised terms.

3.3 How to win

What Northwind wins on is not in doubt. At intake the position was described as breadth of platform, and the reason given for won deals was consistent: once in front of an evaluating buyer, Northwind wins on implementation speed and service. That is a genuine and defensible advantage. The difficulty is that it is an in-process advantage, and most of what this plan has to fix happens before the process begins.

The loss pattern says the same thing from the other side. Northwind reports that its losses are predominantly to no decision rather than to a named competitor, and that where it does lose head to head, it loses to the larger incumbent on familiarity rather than on capability. A supplier that wins on service once it is in the room, but is not thought of when the room is being filled, has a demand problem, not a product one. Its differentiation is real and under-known, and it is realised only in the deals it is invited into.

Northwind currently competes inside the buying process, on the strength of its activation spend, against buyers who arrive with no prior awareness of it. That is the most expensive position from which to compete, and it is the origin of the premium quantified at Finding 05.

The strategy is to compete on being known and preferred before the buying process begins. In a considered business-to-business purchase with six to ten people in the buying group, the supplier that is already familiar enters the process with an advantage that no amount of in-process activation spend can buy. That advantage is built by being distinctive, present and useful over time, which is what the brand half of the plan is for.

This is a strategic choice with a measurable test attached, which distinguishes it from brand investment as it is usually proposed. The test is whether fully-loaded acquisition cost falls. If it does not fall as brand share rises, the strategy is wrong and the plan says so, at the quarter it becomes apparent.

The two standing objections

Brand investment in a considered sale attracts two objections reliably. Both have a commercial answer, and both are better settled here, as a matter of strategy, than during the budget discussion in Section 07.

Exhibit 7
Both standard objections to brand investment have a commercial answer.
ObjectionResponse
"Our sale is long and considered, so brand does not apply."The opposite holds. With six to ten people in the buying group and, on the Ehrenberg-Bass evidence, approximately 95% of buyers out of market at any given moment, a supplier must be remembered months before anyone is ready to buy. Long committee purchases are where memory matters most, not least.
"Brand cannot be measured, so it should not be funded."We do not ask for it to be funded on faith. We have priced its absence. The £320,000 premium is what the unbuilt brand already costs in inflated acquisition cost. The choice is not whether to pay for brand but on which line to pay for it.

Sources: Ehrenberg-Bass Institute and Dawes on out-of-market buyer proportions; Binet and Field on brand and activation balance in business-to-business categories.

3.4 What each channel is for

Finding 03 established that allocation is inverted relative to return. The strategic correction is to give each channel a defined role rather than a share of budget, and to fund the roles in proportion to what they contribute.

The intake also recorded the role Northwind intends each channel to play, and the divergence there is instructive. The three channels tagged to create and capture demand, paid search, paid social and events, receive most of the budget and return the least. The channel tagged to build brand and memory, earned media, returns the most and receives 3%. Content, tagged as a nurture channel and treated as support, is the second most efficient route in the mix. The roles Northwind assigned are not wrong; the funding does not follow them. The correction below funds each role in proportion to what it returns.

3.5 What marketing controls, and what it refers to the board

Four levers move the ratio. Marketing holds one of them outright. The strategy acts on that lever in full and refers the other three to the board, on the grounds that the capital position cannot be entirely corrected without them but that marketing has neither the authority nor the remit to move them.

Exhibit 8
Marketing owns Promotion in full and refers the remaining three levers to the board.
LeverEffect on the ratioHeld byRoom to moveThis strategy
PromotionLowers acquisition costMarketingMarketing's ownActs in full
PriceRaises lifetime valueFinanceFixed this yearRefers; from year two
ProductRaises lifetime valueProductPossible, with a caseRefers to the board
PlaceLowers acquisition costCommercialUnder active reviewRefers to the board

Room to move is what Northwind recorded at intake for each lever. The three referred levers bear principally on Finding 04. With list pricing fixed for the current year, the levers open in the near term are product and packaging and route to market, the latter already under review, so the board conversation on SMB should centre there rather than on price. Price returns as an option from year two, where the timeline places it.

3.6 Route to market

Finding 07 established that the two-tier distribution route returns 0.14:1, against 0.69:1 direct. Route to market is one of the three levers marketing refers to the board rather than one it holds outright, but the finding is specific enough that the board conversation can be specific too. It divides cleanly into a part marketing can act on and a part only the board can.

The intake records the intent for each route, and it is worth setting the measured economics beside it. Northwind intends to hold the distribution route rather than grow or exit it, on the grounds that it reaches buyers a direct team cannot economically cover. The economics do not contradict that intent; they qualify the terms. A route held at 0.14:1 is held at a loss, so the question the plan puts to the board is not whether to keep distribution, but on what margin and at what programme cost it is worth keeping.

Two levers move the route, and they are owned in different places.

The renewal question sits underneath both. Where the partner owns the renewal, retention and expansion are harder to see and to influence, which shortens the effective tenure and lowers lifetime value a second time. The intake recorded who owns the renewal on each route; where the plan can move that ownership back towards the vendor without breaking the partner relationship, it lifts lifetime value on the retained base at no acquisition cost. That is a slower lever than the margin, and it is noted here so the board sees the full set rather than only the give-away.

The route decision in one line

Distribution is worth keeping for the reach it buys, but not on terms that return fourteen pence in the pound. The plan holds the route, refers the give-away margin to the board, and sizes the programme spend to what the route can be made to repay.

Section 04The marketing plan

The actions that execute the strategy, with owners and expected effect.

The plan has two halves. Activation addresses where demand is bought and from whom, and produces its effect within the year. Brand addresses the underlying cost of demand, and produces its effect across years. Each action below is traced to the finding that produced it and the strategic choice it serves.

Exhibit 9
Six actions execute the strategy; four require no additional budget.
ActionAnswersServesOwnerBudget
A1 · Concentrate acquisition on the segments that returnF4, F2Where to playCMOExisting
A2 · Reallocate the channel mix to the defined rolesF3, F2Channel rolesCMOExisting
A3 · Match demand volume to sales conversion capacityF6, F2Channel rolesCMOExisting
A4 · Rebuild the brand positionF5How to winCMO£320,000
A5 · Re-base measurement on capital metricsF6, F1The objectiveCMO / CFOExisting
A6 · Assign ownership of loaded acquisition costF1The objectiveBoardNone

Actions A5 and A6 are set out in Section 08. A4 is costed in Section 07 and is the only action requiring a budget decision.

4.1 Activation: where demand is bought, and from whom

Activation is the part of the engine felt first, and the part where the instinct to increase volume is strongest. That instinct is the wrong response here. Activation at Northwind is not short of budget; it is short of direction. Its share of spend moves from 88% to 80% and the remaining spend is redirected, producing fewer but higher-value customers rather than more customers at the same loss.

The evidence required to make these decisions is already held. Nothing in the activation plan depends on new research, and each action is read directly from the diagnostic and the intake.

A1 · Concentrate acquisition on the segments that return

Halt paid acquisition into SMB and hold the segment for renewal and expansion only. Redirect that demand generation toward mid-market and enterprise, and re-point account-based activity so that it addresses named accounts within those two segments exclusively.

This is not a reduction in growth ambition. It is the same budget aimed at customers who return more than they cost. The immediate effect is a smaller number of new logos at a materially better ratio, and the plan is explicit that new-logo count will fall in the first two quarters as a result. That should be expected and planned for rather than treated as underperformance, and it is the clearest reason why the measurement change at A5 must land before or alongside this action rather than after it.

A2 · Reallocate the channel mix to the defined roles

Reduce paid search, events and paid social, and increase content and earned media, in line with the channel roles set at Section 3.4. The reallocation is set out in full in Section 06. It is staged across the year rather than taken in one step, and the ratio is re-tested at each quarter before the next increment is released.

Freed paid budget is reintroduced only where it demonstrates a return at the new level of spend. The plan does not assume the efficient channels hold their current ratios at three times their current budget, and it is structured so that this assumption is tested rather than relied upon.

A3 · Match demand volume to what sales can convert

Cost per won customer replaces lead volume as the operating measure for activation. Where demand exceeds the capacity of the sales team to convert it, the surplus inflates cost per won customer without producing revenue, and the correct response is to improve the quality of demand rather than to add capacity to work poor demand.

A practical safeguard applies. Reducing lead volume can unsettle a sales team in the first quarter, so the flow to the highest-value segments is protected and only waste is removed. Sales retains coverage where it matters and stops receiving demand it was never likely to convert. Marketing should agree this explicitly with sales leadership before the reduction begins, since the change is far easier to hold if it has been jointly set rather than announced.

Exhibit 10
Three of the activation actions release capital within the first year.
Activation actionAnswersFirst-year effect
Halt SMB acquisition spend; hold for retentionF4+£340,000
Reduce paid search and events; redirect to earned and contentF3+£210,000
Re-point account-based activity to mid-market and enterpriseF4+£90,000
Protect demand flow to proven segmentsF2Acquisition cost down, modest
Replace volume measures with cost per won customerF6Enables the above

Effects are first-year and are not fully additive, since the first and third actions both bear on segment concentration. Figures illustrative.

4.2 Brand: the underlying cost of demand

Brand does not move the ratio in the next quarter. It lowers the cost of every quarter after it. Finding 05 established that the absence of brand is already costing approximately £320,000 a year in inflated acquisition cost. The action here is the removal of that cost, not a speculative investment in awareness.

A4 · Rebuild the brand position

Four elements, sequenced so that the asset compounds rather than resets:

The last of these is the governing rule and is worth stating plainly, because it is also marketing's protection. The correct level of brand investment is not the level a benchmark prescribes. It is the level at which the marginal pound of brand lowers acquisition cost by more than the marginal pound of activation would. The market reference indicates direction; the measured ratio decides the stopping point. A CMO who holds to that rule can defend the brand line indefinitely, because the case is re-evidenced every quarter.

Implication. The activation half of the plan is self-funding and reaches break-even on its own. The brand half is what carries the ratio beyond break-even toward a healthy 3:1. Presenting them together as a single request would make an affordable and immediately available correction contingent on a harder investment decision, which is why Sections 06 and 07 separate them.

Section 05Timeline

The year-one operating plan and the staged path to 3:1.

Year one is an operating plan with a single goal: reach break-even at 1:1 using reallocation alone. The brand rebuild begins in the same year but is not expected to contribute materially until the second, and the plan is sequenced so that nothing in year one depends on a board decision.

Exhibit 11
Activation is re-pointed in the first half; the brand rebuild begins underneath it and continues.
Workstream
Q1Q2Q3Q4
Protect best-fit demandActivation · A1
Halt SMB acquisitionActivation · A1
Reallocate channel mixActivation · A2
Re-base measurementGovernance · A5
Brand rebuildBrand · A4
Owned prominenceBrand · A4
Cost-to-serve reviewBoard decision
Pricing floor testBoard decision
Route-to-market reviewBoard decision

Solid bars are marketing-owned and proceed on approval of this plan. Grey bars are marketing-owned and compound beyond year one. Outlined bars are board decisions, shown for sequencing and not committed by this plan.

The three-year path

Three phases carry the ratio from 0.53:1 to 3:1. These are goals rather than commitments, and each phase advances only as the measured ratio confirms the previous one. The plan does not propose to move to phase two on schedule if phase one has not produced its expected effect.

Exhibit 12
Only the first phase rests wholly within marketing's control.
ActionOwnerEffect
Phase 1 · Year 1 · Halt the shortfall · 0.53 to 1.0 : 1
Halt SMB acquisition spend; hold for retentionMarketing+£340,000
Reduce paid search and events; redirect to earned and contentMarketing+£210,000
Re-point account-based activity to mid-market and enterpriseMarketing+£90,000
Replace volume measures with cost per won customerMarketingEnables the above
Phase 2 · Year 2 · Establish sustainability · 1.0 to 2.0 : 1
Advance the brand rebuild; lift brand share from 12% to 25%MarketingAcquisition cost down
Review cost to serve on retained accountsBoardLifetime value up
Test a pricing floor on the weakest-margin tierBoardLifetime value up
Re-test the ratio at quarter close before advancingMarketingValidates
Phase 3 · Year 3 · Establish the return · 2.0 to 3.0 : 1
Brand asset compounds as owned reach growsMarketingAcquisition cost down, sustained
Sharpen activation onto the established brandMarketingAcquisition cost down
Review route to market; partner channel for SMBBoardAcquisition cost down
Advance brand share only as the response justifiesMarketingValidates

Marketing owns Promotion in full. The board decisions on price, product and route to market are surfaced by marketing and decided by the board. Figures illustrative.

On the pace of recovery

Marketing is a growth function rather than a next-quarter one. The ratio turns over quarters and years, not weeks. Activation holds the line in the near term; brand, mix and the board levers move the number across the period. Expecting the ratio to correct within a quarter treats marketing as a sales function, which is the assumption that produced the present position.

Section 06The budget

The existing £640,000, redirected. No new investment required.

This section asks for no additional money. It sets out the reallocation of the budget already in place, moving spend from the channels returning 0.44:1 to those returning 0.73:1, and shifting the balance between activation and brand by a measured first step funded entirely from activation efficiencies.

The channel reallocation

The total is unchanged at £640,000. Content and earned media rise from 12% of the mix to 30%. Paid search, events and paid social fall from 83% to 63%. Account-based activity rises slightly, and is re-pointed at the two segments that return.

Exhibit 13
The same £640,000, redirected from the weakest channels to the strongest.
ChannelReturnNowPlanChange
Content / SEO0.689%19%+10
Earned / PR0.733%11%+8
ABM / outbound0.615%7%+2
Paid social0.4622%17%−5
Events / field0.4428%21%−7
Paid search0.4633%25%−8
Total100%100%£640,000

Reallocation raises the share of budget held in channels returning above 0.60:1 from 17% to 37%. The shift is staged across the year and re-tested quarterly rather than applied in a single step.

The balance between brand and activation

Within the same total, the brand share moves from 12% to 25% in year one. This is funded by the activation efficiencies identified in Section 03 and does not represent new money. The market reference is shown below for direction only. It is not a target imposed on this business, and the plan advances toward it only as far as the measured ratio justifies.

Exhibit 14
Year one takes a measured first step, funded from activation efficiencies.
Today
12 / 88
Plan, year 1
25 / 75
Direction, yrs 2 to 3
30 / 70
B2B market reference
46 / 54

Bars show brand as a share of total marketing spend, with activation forming the remainder. Market reference from Binet and Field, shown as direction of travel rather than as a target.

Implication. Everything in this section is a decision about allocation rather than about investment, and can be taken by marketing on approval of this plan. It is expected to carry the ratio from 0.53:1 to approximately break-even within the year. The decision that follows in Section 07 is of a different kind and should be taken separately.

Section 07Additional investment

The £320,000 brand case, held as a separate decision.

This is the only request in the plan for money above the existing budget, and it is presented separately and deliberately. It should be considered after the reallocation in Section 06 has been given two to three quarters to demonstrate a measured response, not alongside it.

Why the case is separable

The reallocation reaches break-even on its own. The brand investment is what carries the ratio from break-even toward a healthy 3:1. Combining the two into a single approval would make an affordable and immediately available correction dependent on a harder decision about new money, and would risk delaying the part of the plan that is both cheaper and more certain.

There is a second reason for the separation. By the time this decision is due, the reallocation will have produced evidence. If the efficient channels hold their returns at higher spend, the case for brand strengthens materially. If they do not, the board should know that before committing further funds. Sequencing the decisions in this order means the second is taken with better information than is available today.

What the investment recovers

Finding 05 established a premium of approximately £320,000 a year, roughly £8,000 on every customer won, arising from the cost of opening every relationship cold. The proposed investment is of the same magnitude as the premium it is intended to remove. This is not a coincidence of framing: the case is constructed as the recovery of an existing cost rather than as a bid for incremental growth, because that is what the diagnostic supports.

Exhibit 15
The £320,000 is weighted toward assets that continue working after spend stops.
WorkstreamAllocationWhat it produces
Owned content and thought leadership£110,000The compounding asset: memory and authority that keep working after spend stops
Creative and brand system£80,000Distinctive identity, message and assets, so every channel lands harder and cheaper
Brand-led media£70,000Placed in the efficient channels, earned, content and account-based, not paid search
Earned and public relations£60,000Third-party credibility that reaches buyers the brand cannot address directly
Total£320,000

Indicative allocation, weighted toward compounding assets rather than rented reach. Figures illustrative.

How the investment should be judged

Not on brand awareness, recall or share of voice, though those may be tracked as leading indicators. The investment should be judged on whether fully-loaded acquisition cost falls, and specifically on whether the £8,000 per-customer premium narrows. That is measurable directly, quarterly, through the same diagnostic that produced this plan.

The governing rule stated in Section 4.2 applies here as the stopping condition. Investment in brand is warranted up to the point at which the next pound spent on brand lowers acquisition cost by less than the next pound spent on activation would. At that point the plan stops advancing the brand share, regardless of where the market reference sits.

The decision in one line

The board is not being asked to spend £320,000 in the hope of lowering acquisition cost. It is being asked whether to redirect £320,000 that is already being spent, in the form of a premium on every customer won, onto a line where it builds an asset instead.

Section 08Implementation and governance

Measurement, ownership, cadence, and the options for support.

The gain from this plan holds only while the measurement holds. Findings 01 and 06 established that the condition arose in the absence of a measure and was sustained by measures that rewarded the behaviour causing it. Correcting that is not an administrative matter; it is the mechanism that prevents the position recurring.

A5 · Re-base measurement on the capital outcome

Marketing continues to report the operating measures it recognises and controls. What changes is that each is read against the question that determines the capital result: does it lower acquisition cost, or does it raise lifetime value. Above these sit three capital measures that marketing stewards jointly with finance.

Exhibit 16
Marketing owns the operating measures and stewards the three capital outcomes.
MeasureBears onPosition and goal
Capital outcomes · stewarded with finance · reported to the board
CLV:CAC ratioThe capital result0.53:1 · goal 1:1 in year one
Capital burn velocityThe capital result−£69,600 / mo · goal positive
Acquisition payback periodThe capital result26 months · goal falling
Operating measures · owned by marketing
Brand share of budgetLowers CAC12% · goal 25%
Efficient-channel shareLowers CAC17% · goal 37%
Paid dependenceLowers CAC83% · goal 63%
Cost per qualified opportunityLowers CAC£3,150 · goal falling
Best-fit segment share of new businessRaises CLVMid-market and enterprise · goal rising
Win rate, best-fit segmentsRaises CLV22% · goal rising
Sales-cycle lengthRaises CLVTracked · goal falling

Marketing is steward rather than sole owner of the capital outcomes. Price, product and cost to serve are held by the board, and the ratio cannot be fully corrected by marketing acting alone. Figures illustrative.

A6 · Assign ownership, and set the cadence

Three commitments make the measurement durable. A named executive owns fully-loaded acquisition cost and reports it. The diagnostic is re-run quarterly so that the ratio and the burn velocity are tracked on a consistent basis rather than reconstructed each time. Finance and marketing agree a single shared definition of acquisition cost and lifetime value, so that the two functions cannot report different numbers for the same thing.

The output is one board-ready page each quarter, stated in the language capital is allocated in. Run that cadence and the ratio stays visible, owned and defensible, which allows marketing to lead the new-business conversation rather than defend a budget line within it.

The function behind the ratio

The plan assumes execution by the team that supplied the intake: a marketing function of eight full-time equivalents, led by a VP of Marketing reporting to the chief executive, supported by a demand-generation agency and a design contractor. The reallocation needs no additional headcount. It needs the existing time to follow the new roles rather than the old volume targets, since the time released from paid acquisition is what funds the effort behind the brand rebuild at A4. The agency scope should be re-pointed in step with the budget, from paid-media buying toward owned content and earned media. Where the plan is led rather than handed over, that re-pointing is part of what a fractional engagement would own.

The plan is yours to execute

This document is the deliverable. It contains the findings, the strategy, the reallocation model, the staged path and the measurement framework, which is everything an in-house team requires to execute it. The fixed fee ends here. No retainer attaches to this plan and nothing further is required from us in order for you to act on it.

If you would prefer the plan to be led

Executing a recovery of this kind, and holding the line on it quarter after quarter, is substantial work in itself. Where a business would rather that were led than handed over, a fractional engagement is the usual arrangement: senior marketing leadership working inside the business on a part-time basis, owning execution of the plan, the quarterly reporting and the progress against the ratio.

It is scoped to what is needed and how much of it, and runs as an ongoing arrangement, typically a set number of days each week across a defined period, rather than as a fixed-scope project. It is a separate commercial conversation from this plan, and the natural next one where the intention is to have the number driven rather than only measured.

In summary

The diagnostic established how quickly the acquisition engine was consuming capital. This plan sets out the findings behind that position, the actions that answer each of them, and the sequence in which they should be taken. Whether the plan is executed in-house or led from outside is a separate decision, and one we would be glad to discuss.

Specimen

All figures in this document are illustrative and internally reconciled to demonstrate the method. Northwind Systems is a fictional Growth-band business and the figures represent no actual company. Prepared by Why Marketing under the Commercial Logic method.